Grinding and crushing mill.



A. M. DELLINGER.

GRINDING AND GRUSHING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED mung, 1911.

1,074,844, a Patented 0011711913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

[Zjl

A. M. DELLINGER.

GRINDING AND GRUSHING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, 1911.

Patented Oct. 7, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 [NVE/VTUR 7153355155 I I Km QFFTCE.

ABRAHAM 1VL DELLINGER, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

GRINDING AND CRUSHING MILL.

Application filed June 8, 1911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABRAHAM M. DEL- LINGER, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, and resident of Lancaster, in the county of Lancasterand State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Grinding and Crushing Mills, of which the following is aspecification.

The main objects of this invention are first to prevent the material tobe crushed and ground from forming a bridge above the grinding devices,as will often happen when only a single crushing roll is used,necessarily requiring a narrow hopper very subject to such obstruction;secondly, to insure the crushing of the grain to the best advantage byemploying side by side two crushing rolls rotating in oppositedirections away from each other and toward the walls of the hopper atdifferent rates of speed, said rolls and hopper providing a throat forthe first crushing of the material between the slower roll and thehopper wall and a second throat for its subsequent treatment between thetwo rolls, the hopper having also a fixed concave, which in finaltreatment cooperates with the swifter roll, the more slowly revolvingroll doing the harder part of the crushing work and the swifter roll andconcave completing this work; thirdly, to make the operation of themachine more perfect as a whole by providing the driving shaft with agrinding disk and a crushing roll which cooperate respectively with afixed grinding disk and a second crushing roll rotating at a less speedthan the former roll, a hopper receiving said rolls in its lower partand being provided with a grinding concave which directly cooperateswith the more swiftly revolving roll; and finally, in improving diversdetails of construction, adjustment and combination and thereby alsoimproving the entire machine.

To these ends the said invention consists in the construction andcombination of parts hereinafter more particularly set forth andclaimed.

Figure 1 illustrates a vertical longitudinal section taken on a linewith the main shaft; Fig. 2 illustrates a horizontal section on the line22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 illustrates a transverse vertical section on theline 47-4 Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. '7, 1913.

Serial No. 632,073.

of Fig. 2; Fig. 4; illustrates an end elevation ,of one of the grindingdisks showing one of the grinding sections in place thereon; Fig. 5illustrates a detail sectional view on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 6illustrates an enlarged sectional view of the bed plates and theiradjuncts.

As shown by the illustration, the hopper 8 has converging sides,vertical ends and a bottom with converging portions that are eccentricto the center of the crushing rolls. The bottom of-the hopper from itslongitudinal center, which is the highest point of the bottom to a pointto one side of the center of the main grinding roll, has a depression orrecess 8 for the reception of plates, which together constitute acrushing concave and cooperate with the roll on the main shaft incrushing. The hopper 8, when made of cast metal, has exterior flanges 9for connecting the hopper to a supporting frame 10, that has legs 11.One of the end walls of the hopper 8 in line with the main roll, has anopening 12 of slightly larger area than the external diameter of saidmain roll and about this opening, the end wall has apertures for thepassage of bolts 13 that connect thereto a casing 14: which is adaptedto receive the grinding disks. The end of the hopper 8 farthest from thecasing 14: has apertured bosses 15 and 15 for the shafts of the crushingroll, and the main shaft 16, which carries the roll 17 and revolvingdisk 18, pinion 19 and drive pulley 20, extends within the housing 21that projects from the casing 14:, as shown by the drawings and as fullyset forth in my patgnt numbered 855,099, dated May 28, 190

The crushing roll 22 is fixedly attached to a shaft 23 which, beyond thehopper, has a gear wheel that meshes with the pinion 19 on the driveshaft 16 and it will be noted that the crushing rolls are horizontal andparallel and revolve in opposite directions so that the material placedin the hopper will be carried by the projections on the surface of therolls during their rotation toward the walls and bottom of the hopper.

As shown in Fig. 3, the side walls of the hopper converge downwardnearly to the horizontal plane of the tops of the crushing rolls, thendescend a short distance nearly vertically to the doubly curved bottomof the hopper which forms two concavesurfaces conforming to thecurvature of the surfaces of the respective crushing rolls at aninterval below them and rising to apoint between them. This constructionprovides at each side of the hopper a downwardly tapering throat betweenthe proximate crushing roll and wall, the samebeing continned or oinedto a curved throat between said crushing roll and said bottom andjoining the corresponding throat of the opposite side, which passesunder the other roll. The downwardly tapering'throat at the side of themore slowly moving roll will provide means whereby th'e material will becrushed between the rolls and the walls before engagement with theremovable sections which constitute a part of the bottom of the hoper. pIn operation, take for instance corn on the cob, either dry or green,and when the same isfed into the hopper willfall upon the rolls 17 and22. Therotation of the rolls, as to direction, is such that their up persurfaces move away from each other and toward the walls of the hopper.This direction of rotation prevents the corn arching or bridging overthe rolls which would stop the feed thereto. The corn which comes incontact with the slowly revolving roll 22 is drawn through theconverging way 25 and is reduced or crushed before leaving the highestpoint of the bottom of the hopper. This crushed materialis carriedupward by the conjoint action of the two adjacent faces of the rolls andthe major portion of crushed material is carried by the rapidlyrevolving or high speed roll 17 upward and over into the more restrictedthroat or way 25. The straight radiating faces of the projections 26 onthe rolls carry the partially crushed material to the inserted grindingplates for further crushing. The projections 26 and 27 upon the rolls 17and 22 are arranged spirally upon the surfaces of the rolls and sucharrangement effects travel of crushed material lengthwise of the rolland toward the opening 12 into the space between the two verticallydisposed grinders. The horizontal and parallel crushing rolls, onerotating at high speed and the other at a low speed and turning so thatthe faces adjacent to the walls of the hopper may be moved downward andthe roll adjacent to the wider throat moving at a lower rate of speedthan its companion roll, provides an organization by which the crushingof the major portion of the corn or grain and cobs is effected by theslower moving roll and after the first crushing, the material is furtherreduced by the high speed roll and is conveyed thereby through thenarrow throat or way to the bed pieces beneath the high speed roll.

As before stated, the hopper has a depresthe roll.

sion for the reception of plates or bed pieces 28 and 29, these bedpieces having thereon longitudinal ribs or projections 30, the straightfaces thereof fronting the direction of rotation of the roll 17 and saidbed pieces or plates together constituting a crushing concavecotiperating directly with said roll 17 only. As shown in Fig; 6, thesebed pieces are attached by bolts which pass through apertures thereinand register with longitudinal apertures or slots through the bottom ofthefehopper to provide for longitudinal adjustment thereof. The bedpieces are readily removable and by the use of filling pieces may besecuredas desired relative to the fast moving rolls and said bed piecesin practice forming a continuation of the narrow throat 25. The bedpieces 28 and 29 are preferably constructed to extend through theopening 12, such extensions having longitudlnal slots for the passage ofbolts 28 and 29 used to connect the bed pieces tothe hopper adjacent tothe opening.

The crushing rolls 17 and 22 are of the same diameter and are rotated atdifferent speeds and in opposite directions with the ways or throats ofdiflerent sizes, one having the bed pieces constituting a novel anduseful improvement which is well adapted for I use independent of otherfurther reduction ins'trumentalities.

The main and secondary rolls traveling at different surface speeds,

' not only taking less power to actuate but I cause a variable actlon onthe stock in the Y hopper and prevent the stock arching above reduced bythe rapidly revolving primary roll. The distance between the horizontalrolls is such that the sectional bed pieces may be removed or placed inposition in the depression or recess therefor without removing either ofthe rolls.

Within the casing 14, about the opening 12, there is secured a disk 31,the periphery of which is provided with a rib or flange on one side withlugs 32 for the passage of bolts that attach the disk to the inner wallof the casing where the same is maintained centrally about theshaft 16and at right angles thereto. This disk 81 on the opposite side from thelugs 32 has grinding sections 33 held in place by bolts 34, the nuts onthe bolts passing through parallel slots formed in the disk, two boltsbeing used to connect each of the sections to the disk. The sections aresegmental and a sufficient number are used to form a circle; the dressor grinding faces of the segments may be the same so that a descriptionof one of the grinding disks will serve as a description of both. Therevolving grinding disk 35 is The stock as fed between the rolls madefast to the main shaft by a set screw 36 and this disk has a flangewhich is traversed at intervals by parallel slots 37 for the passage ofbolts 38 by means of which the segments 39 are secured in place. Fig. 4of the drawings shows the dress of the seg ments, they having peripheralfurrows 40 and radiating ribs 41 between which are located shorter ribs,or instead of ribs as indicated, there may be depressions or radiatingfurrows and these segments have their inner edges inclined to provide aspace in which the crushed material is delivered and with this type ofgrinder, there is a central feed and a peripheral discharge.

The means or instrumentalities for adj usting the shaft, as shown in myprior patent numbered 855,499, is applied upon one side of theprojection from the casing 14 instead of upon the upper side as shown inthe patent, a horizontal pull upon the lever 42 being considered moredesirable in practice than an upward pull.

By using two crushing rolls side by side instead of one roll only incooperation with the hopper I avoid the narrowing of the hopper and theformation of a bridge in the material above the crushing devices. Byusing only two rolls instead of a greater number, while attainingexcellent crushing action, I dispense with unnecessary and costlygearing as well as with the extra roll or rolls, avoid the greateroperating cost and make the mechanism more simple and compact. Byproviding the relative degrees of rotation of the two rolls away fromeach other and adapting them, the hopper and concave to each other asstated we provide for an initial crushing action in the throat betweenthe slower roll and the side of the hopper, a second crushing action onthe lifted and partly crushed material in a narrower throat between therolls and a final crushing action on this already twice crushedmaterial, said final action occurring in the lateral extension of thelatter throat and being between the more swiftly revolving roll and theconcave. By using the same driving shaft to carry one of the crushingrolls and one of the grinding disks in combination with the fixed disk,the more slowly revolving roll and the hopper and adapting the rolls andhopper to provide the two throats and lateral throat extension and thesuccessive crushing actions as specified, followed by the grindingaction I provide for gradual and complete reduction of the material to astate of comparatively fine comminution, using very simple and strongand efiective means to attain this end.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, I do not wish to be limited tothe particular details of construction except where they arespecifically claimed as in this type of machinery there may be a widevariance as to design, without departing from the essential features ofmy invention.

I claim 1. In combination with a hopper, a shaft carrying a crushingroll arranged in the bottom of said hopper, a second shaft carrying acrushing roll arranged beside the first in the bottom of said hopper andgear ing between the said shafts arranged for driving the second shaftand roll from the first at a lower rate of speed, the said rolls turningaway from each other at the top of the rolls and toward the walls ofsaid hopper said rolls and the walls and bottom of the hopper beingarranged to provide a downwardly tapering throat between the more slowlymoving roll and the adjacent wall, through which throat the material tobe crushed is first caused to descend, also a curved throat extendingunder said roll, between it and the bottom of the hopper and directingthe material afterward up between the two rolls substantially as setforth.

2. In combination with a hopper, a main shaft carrying a crushing rolland a rotary grinding disk, said roll and disk acting successively onthe material supplied by said hopper, a fixed grinding disk cooperatingwith the rotary disk aforesaid, a second shaft carrying a secondcrushing roll cooperating with the first mentioned roll and arrangedbeside it in the bottom of the hopper and gearing between these twoshafts whereby the second shaft is driven from the first at a lower rateof speed and the said rolls turn away from each other at the top of therolls and toward the walls of the hopper the said pair of rollspreventing the formation of a bridge by requiring the hopper to bebroader immediately above them than would be feasible if only one rollwere used.

8. In combination with a hopper, crushing mechanism arranged in thebottom thereof and consisting wholly of two rotary rolls arranged sideby side and turning away from each other at the top of the rolls towardthe walls of the hopper, a fixed crushing concave and gearing wherebyone of the said rolls is rotated at a less rate of speed than the other,the said concave being arranged only under the more rapidly rotatingroll and the more slowly moving roll providing a downward throat betweenit and the proximate wall of the casing and directing it under the saidroll and the bot tom of the hopper up between the two rolls whence itpasses for final grinding out between the more swiftly moving roll andthe bottom of the hopper, the latter being provided with a grindingconcave under this more swiftly turning roll.

4:. A pair of crushing rolls, in combination with a hopper in which theyare located, means for driving their upper surfaces away from each otherand giving said rolls different rates of speed, the bottom of saidhopper providing two curved faces under the said rolls respectively andrising in the middle toward the space between the more slowly movingroll and said casing and another throat between the said rolls andoperating to crush the material first as it passes down through thefirst mentioned throat, then a second time as itis lifted up into thesecond throat and finally a third time as it passes under the moreswiftly moving roll.

5. A pair of crushing rolls, in combination with a casing in which theyare located and means for driving them at different rates of speed,their upper parts turning away from each other, the said rolls andhopper being constructed and arranged to provide a threat between themore slowly moving roll and said hopper and another throat between thetwo rolls and operating to crush the material'first as it passes downthrough the first mentioned throat, then a second time as it is liftedup into the throat 'Uo'pie's of this patent may be obtained for semenbetween the two rolls and finally a third time as it passes out underthe more swiftly moving roll. I

6. A pair of crushing rolls in combination with a casing in which theyare located, means for driving them away from each other atthe top ofthe rolls at different rates of speed and-,afiXed concave arranged inproximity to the more swiftly moving roll, thesaid parts being arrangedto provide a throat between the more slowly moving roll and said casingand another throat between the said rolls and operating to crush thematerial first as it passes down through the first throat, then a secondtime as it is lifted up into the second throat and finally a third timeas it passes between the concave and the proximate roll.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature in thepresence of two witnesses.

ABRAHAM M. DELLINGER. I

Witnesses V B. FRANK KREADY,

Wm. M; HOLLOWBUSH;

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington,D'. G.

